Development of kidney stones is the primary complication of hypercalciuria.

• A. Kidney stones
• B. Muscle weakness
• C. Anemia
• D. Hypertension

Answer: (A)

High urinary calcium promotes calcium stone formation in the kidneys. When calcium is excreted in excess, the urine becomes supersaturated with calcium salts, especially calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, which crystallize and grow into kidney stones. That’s why kidney stones are the primary complication associated with hypercalciuria. Other options reflect effects of high serum calcium rather than high urinary calcium—muscle weakness from hypercalcemia, anemia, and hypertension aren’t the main or direct consequences of hypercalciuria.